Which soil condition increases the potential for runoff?

Compacted soils or soils prone to erosion significantly increase the potential for runoff due to their structural properties. When soil becomes compacted, the pore spaces between soil particles are reduced. This means that water cannot easily infiltrate the soil, and as a result, more water remains on the surface. When heavy rainfall occurs, the compacted soil can lead to greater amounts of water flowing over the surface rather than being absorbed, thereby increasing runoff.

Additionally, soils that are prone to erosion often have weaker structures that can be washed away during heavy rainstorms, further exacerbating runoff issues. These conditions create a scenario where water does not penetrate the ground efficiently, leading to higher rates of surface runoff, which can result in soil erosion and other environmental issues.

In contrast, loose, sandy soils and well-drained, light soils generally allow water to infiltrate more readily, reducing runoff potential. Loamy soils with high organic matter also promote good water absorption due to their enhanced structure and moisture-retention capabilities, thus decreasing the likelihood of runoff.