What is a temperature inversion?

A temperature inversion is characterized by a reversal of the normal temperature gradient in the atmosphere, where air temperature increases with height above the ground instead of decreasing. Under typical conditions, the air temperature generally decreases as one moves upward in the atmosphere. However, during a temperature inversion, a layer of warm air traps cooler air and pollutants near the surface, creating stable atmospheric conditions. This phenomenon can lead to adverse effects on air quality and can impact weather patterns.

The other options do not accurately define a temperature inversion. The first option describes the normal temperature gradient. The third option refers to irrigation techniques, which are unrelated to atmospheric temperature variations. The fourth option relates to pesticide application methods, which do not pertain to temperature patterns in the environment. Understanding temperature inversions is critical for those involved in agriculture and pest management, as they can affect pesticide application efficacy and environmental planning.